Rosehip (Rosa canina)

Family
Rose familyRosa canina - the dog rose, our most common wild rose
is used
The shell without seedsas tea, pulp or powder; the kernels are removed.
The taste
Fruity-sourmild and rounded - the typical tarry redness often doesn't come from it
Origin
EuropeHedges, forest edges, embankments - one of the most common wild shrubs
Known for
Vitamin Cone of the highest levels in our local fruits
New approach
Galactolipid GOPOStudies on osteoarthritis have shown a small but measurable effect.

OriginThe fruit that is best after the frost

Hagebutten rot am Strauch

Itching powder and vitamin bomb in one: The hairs around the kernels have kept generations of schoolyards busy - the outer shell is one of the most valuable wild fruits we have.

The rosehip is botanically not a berry, but a Aggregate nut fruitWhat we eat as fruit is the fleshy receptacle of the flower, and the apparent kernels within it are the actual fruits, each containing a single seed. Between them are fine, barbed hairs – the legendary itching powder that causes intense itching upon skin contact and can irritate the intestinal lining when ingested. Therefore, only the [unclear text] is used medicinally and culinarily. Shell without seeds used.

The shrub - usually the dog rose, Rosa canina, but other wild roses also provide usable rose hips - it grows in hedges, at forest edges, on embankments and fallow land throughout Europe. It is one of the most important wild shrubs overall: the blossoms are a great source of nectar for bees in June, the fruits hang on the tree until winter and feed birds when nothing else is available. The nickname canina It goes back to the ancient idea that the root helped against rabies from dog bites - an effect that does not exist, but a name that has remained.

Harvesting begins in September, and the rule of thumb of the old collectors is correct: after the first frost Rosehips taste significantly better because the fruit acids break down and the skin softens. If you don't want to wait, you can put them in the freezer overnight. The skins are used to make rosehip pulp – the pulp traditionally used in doughnuts in Franconia – as well as jam, syrup, liqueur, and tea.

To useWhat rosehips can do for you

The most famous point first, and with the necessary caveat: The rosehip belongs to 400 to 1,500 milligrams of vitamin C per hundred grams among the fruits richest in vitamin C – twenty to fifty times that of a lemon. However, vitamin C heat-sensitive and light-sensitive. In dried, long-stored tea, most of the vitamins are lost, and some are further lost during brewing. Rosehip tea is therefore not a vitamin supplement. Those seeking the vitamins should use fresh or gently dried rosehip pulp or powder.

In addition, there is an observation that surprises many: the vibrant red color of many Rosehip teas In stores, it often doesn't come from rosehips at all, but from... hibiscus, which is added as a mixing partner. Rosehip peel alone produces a rather pale, mild infusion. It's worth taking a look at the ingredient list.

The most scientifically interesting part is something else. A [something] was found in rosehips. Galactolipid identified, mostly as GOPO abbreviated, which in the laboratory inhibits the migration of white blood cells into inflamed tissue. Several placebo-controlled studies exist for standardized rosehip powder in Osteoarthritis, And a meta-analysis concluded that, on average, pain decreased slightly more than with a placebo. To be honest: the effect is small, the number of studies is limited, and some of the research comes from the manufacturers' own circles. But it's more than with most dietary supplements – and the safety profile is excellent.

Traditionally, rosehips were also considered mildly diuretic and were given for colds and during convalescence. However, there are no reliable studies to support this; the European Medicines Agency has not issued a monograph for rosehip peel. What remains is an excellent, low-acid, and well-tolerated wild fruit that is practically suitable for everyone.

400–1,500 mgVitamin C per 100 g - twenty to fifty times that of a lemon
Heat sensitiveThere is hardly any vitamin C left in tea that has been stored for a long time.
GOPOthe galactolipid in relation to the osteoarthritis research
After the frostthen the fruits are soft and significantly milder

IngredientsThis is what's in the fruit

Next to the Vitamin C The rosehip shell contains plenty Carotenoids Rosehip jam contains primarily lycopene and beta-carotene, which are responsible for the deep red color, as well as vitamin E, B vitamins, flavonoids, tannins, pectins, and fruit acids. The pectin content is high enough that rosehip jam sets practically without the addition of any gelling agent.

The substance that modern research is concerned with is the Galactolipid GOPO (chemically, a galactosyl-diacylglycerol). It is found primarily in the peel and seeds and is relatively heat-stable, which is why rosehip powder – gently ground from the whole dried fruit – is the form studied. In the laboratory, it inhibits the chemotaxis of leukocytes, i.e., the migration of inflammatory cells into tissue; this is the most plausible explanation for the results of the osteoarthritis studies.

And then there are the hairs. They consist of fine, barbed cell extensions and are packed tightly between the nuclei. On the skin, they cause intense itching; in the intestines, they can irritate the mucous membrane. This is why the medicinal drug is called... Cynosbati fructus sine semine - Rosehip shells without seeds. Those who process it themselves halve the fruits and thoroughly scrape out the seeds and hairs with a small spoon, or pass the cooked pulp through a fine sieve.

Enhanced combinationsWhat makes rosehips stronger

A fruit where timing and processing matter more than any combination.

time

after first frost

Then the fruit will be softer, milder and more aromatic - or place it in the freezer overnight.

Vitamin C

with gentle processing

Fresh tea leaves and gently dried powder retain significantly more flavor than tea that has been stored for a long time.

Osteoarthritis

as standardized powder

The studies concern powder made from the whole fruit, not the infusion.

Fat

with a little oil or cream

Carotenoids are fat-soluble – more of them are absorbed in quark or yogurt.

Gelled

with own pectin

Rosehip jam sets without gelling agents - the pectin content is sufficient.

tea

with A look at the list of ingredients

If the tea is deep red, it usually contains hibiscus - that's not a mistake, but good to know.

What contradicts itselfIt's best to avoid these combinations.

hairs

not process with kernels

The barbed hairs irritate the skin and intestinal lining - remove seeds and hairs thoroughly.

vitamin

not as Vitamin C source in tea bags

Vitamin C is sensitive to heat and light; in tea that has been stored for a long time, hardly any of it remains.

Expectation

not as Osteoarthritis therapy

The effect is small and does not replace exercise or medical treatment.

harvest

not at roadsides

Hedges along busy roads are contaminated - field hedges and forest edges are preferable.

Crowd

not kernel-containing powder in quantities

In some people, remnants of the hairs irritate the stomach - ensure proper processing.

time

not Harvesting too early

Before the frost, the fruits are hard and significantly more acidic.

To which courtWhere she belongs

  • HopfenmarkFranconian rosehip pulp - strained, sweetened, in doughnuts and on bread.
  • Rosehip jamBoil the peels until soft, pass them through a sieve, boil with sugar - it will gel on its own.
  • Rosehip teaTwo teaspoons of peel to 250 ml, steep for ten minutes - mild and pale, that's how it should be.
  • Rosehip powderWhether it's muesli, yogurt or smoothie - the form with the osteoarthritis research findings.
  • Rosehip syrupWith lemon and sugar - for lemonade and over desserts.
  • Rosehip liqueurSoak the fruit in fruit brandy and let it steep for two months.
  • Wild fruit chutneyWith onion, vinegar and spices - goes well with game and cheese.
  • Rosehip soupA classic in Scandinavia: sweet fruit soup with a cream topping.
  • In the muesliDried, seedless shell pieces as a fruity component.
  • Bird food on the bushWhat remains feeds blackbirds, thrushes and robins in winter.
Rule of thumb: Harvest after the first frost or freeze overnight – then the fruit will be soft and mild. Always remove seeds and hairs thoroughly. And when it comes to vitamin C: use fresh pulp or gently dried powder, not the tea bag from the pantry.

As a home remedyHomemade rosehip pulp

Here's how it works

Rosehip pulp made from wild rosehips

  1. Harvest rosehips after the first frost, wash them, and remove the stems and blossoms. Hedgerows and forest edges are better places to collect them than roadsides.
  2. Cook the whole fruits in a pot with a little water until soft - depending on ripeness, for twenty to forty minutes, until they fall apart.
  3. Pass the mixture through a fine sieve or a food mill so that all kernels and hairs are completely removed. This is the most important step: not a single hair should remain in the mixture.
  4. Season the pulp to taste with sugar or honey, bring it to a brief boil again, and pour it hot into clean jars. It will keep for several weeks in the refrigerator, and considerably longer if preserved by canning.
For what

As a spread, a filling, over quark and yogurt – and a great way to preserve a wild fruit with a high vitamin and carotenoid content for the winter. To be honest, cooking destroys a significant portion of the vitamin C. What remains are the carotenoids, which are more heat-stable, the pectins, and the flavor. Those primarily interested in the vitamin C can process some of the harvest into a raw purée and freeze it.

Crowd

As desired, like any jam - keeping an eye on the sugar content. The key is clean passing: Remnants of the hairs irritate the stomach and intestinal lining. This pulp is not the right form for treating osteoarthritis; standardized powder made from the whole fruit is available for that purpose, but even then, the effects are minimal. Joint pain that worsens or restricts mobility should be evaluated by a doctor.

Ayurveda & TCMWhat the old systems say

Ayurveda

Rosehips are not classically represented in Ayurveda, while rose species are – especially… Rosa damascena as Shatapatri, whose flowers are considered cooling and Pitta-are considered to have a cooling effect and are used in Gulkand, the rose petal preserve. The rosehip itself, according to its properties, would be sweet-sour, light and cooling - Vata and Pitta Soothing. A classification based on principle.

Traditional Chinese Medicine

Here too, there is a real equivalent with another species: Jin Ying Zi, the fruit of Rosa laevigata, It is listed in the Chinese Materia Medica as a sweet-and-sour, astringent drug and is used to "stop leakage" – in cases of frequent urination and chronic diarrhea. Same genus, same fruit shape, but a completely different application than in our culture.

Warning noticesWhen you should be careful

Please note

  • Hairs: The barbed hairs between the kernels irritate the skin and intestinal mucosa - only use kernel-free processed products.
  • Vitamin C: Sensitive to heat and light - long-stored rosehip tea is not a relevant source of vitamins.
  • Osteoarthritis: The effects of rosehip powder are small and do not replace exercise or medical treatment.
  • Collection points: Avoid hedges along busy roads; field hedges and forest edges are better.
  • Blood thinners: Discuss high-dose vitamin C supplements and rosehip powder with blood thinners.
  • Kidney stones: For those prone to oxalate stones, very high amounts of vitamin C are unfavorable - this does not apply to the fruit, but it does to high-dose preparations.

This page provides information and does not replace medical advice. If symptoms persist, please consult a doctor.

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SourcesWhat is this based on?

  1. Christensen R et al. Does the hip powder of Rosa canina (rosehip) reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008; 16(9): 965–972.
  2. Larsen E et al. An antiinflammatory galactolipid from rose hip (Rosa canina) that inhibits chemotaxis of human peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro. Journal of Natural Products 2003; 66(7): 994–995.
  3. Blaschek W (ed.): Wichtl - Herbal drugs and phytopharmaceuticals. 6th edition 2016, monograph Cynosbati fructus.
  4. Federal Food Code and USDA FoodData Central: Vitamin C content of Rosa canina compared to citrus fruits.
  5. Guidelines for tea, tea-like products and extracts, German Food Code - on the composition of rosehip tea mixtures.